Papers

Thomas Saaty, Elena Rokou
Journal: World Patent Information
In this paper we consider many intangible criteria that influence the priorities and ranks of inventions as they contribute to human welfare, by using the Analytic Hierarchy Process. We apply the ideas to evaluate a number of modern inventions along with a few old ones. Both the categories of inv...

Thomas Saaty, H. J. Zoffer
Journal: Notices of the AMS
The purpose of this paper is to show how the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) applies mathematics to deal with the most complex problems of the world in a comprehensive and holistic way—in this case the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. This process has been helpful in finding solutions to some of th...

Lirong Wei, Thomas Saaty
Journal: International Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy Process
This paper is an analysis of Brexit, and asked the question, Should the UK have Brexited the European Union? We use the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to model the decision based on Benefit-Opportunities-Costs and Risks (BOCR). The AHP structure considers various factors that may be taken into...

Thomas Saaty, Konrad Kułakowski
Journal: eprint arXiv:1605.05777
The AHP/ANP are multicriteria decision-making theories that deal with both hierarchic structures when the criteria are independent of the alternatives and with networks when there is any dependence within and between elements of the decision. Both of them have been repeatedly used in practice by ...

Thomas Saaty
Journal: International Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy Process
This paper presents five different ways to establish weights for the criteria that govern making comparisons. Four of these can be done in the context of the AHP, but the fifth and most reliable one is obtained by using the ANP.

Thomas Saaty, H. J. Zoffer, Lirong Wei
Journal: European Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics
How satisfied is each of us with the fulfillment of his life? In this paper after a thorough search of the literature about satisfaction, 58 criteria and subcriteria related to satisfaction or fulfillment were identified and arranged in a hierarchic structure. A process of prioritization known as...

Thomas Saaty, Miguel H. Beltran
Journal: Design Methods and Theories
The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), which is explained and applied in another article in the same journal, is used to illustrate the architectural design of a house for a family of three. The plan of the house was develop to satisfy the family's needs by considering the size of the lot, the siz...

Thomas Saaty
Journal: International Journal of Strategic Decision Sciences
Marijuana has been regarded as an evil in our society because of abuse and addiction. However, its legalization and use in several states have shown that from the standpoint of its benefits, opportunities, costs and risks (BOCR) the overall decision should be to legalize it in our greater society...

Thomas Saaty, Luis Vargas, H. J. Zoffer
Journal: Decision Analytics
While the Israeli–Palestinian conflict has raged for decades, in all of its ramifications there has never been a totally structured or scientific approach to the conflict with all of its details. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) approaches the problem along these lines. There are a plethora o...

Thomas Saaty, Mujgan Sagir Ozdemir
Journal: Journal of Urban Management
This paper describes various possibilities of the cities of futures considering various constraints and demand of society, environment and geography. The need for future cities arises because of the rapid growth in population and thereby causing a decline in the living standards. In the United St...

Thomas Saaty
Journal: International Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy Process
Can all the methods people invented to do decision making be right all the time? Maybe for making trivial decisions, but not in the case of those that involve dependence and feedback and need complete analysis of benefits, opportunities, costs and risks to get an overall justifiable outcome.

Thomas Saaty, Mujgan Sagir Ozdemir, Jennifer Shang
We propose an innovative AHP-based model to assess the severity of the harms a criminal commits to society in a comprehensive and coherent way. Different from the traditional approach of structuring alternatives into one level, we organize the alternatives into multiple levels of that hierarchy. ...

Thomas Saaty
Journal: Symp. Anal. Hierarchy Process
To change this world from its primitive habit of using words and language to arrive at decisions by making tradeoffs which require the use of numbers, we need to work hard to promote this way of thinking to teach the whole world and its politicians how to measure the intangibles involved in the d...

Qingxing Dong, Thomas Saaty
Journal: Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering
In group decision making, a certain degree of consensus is necessary to derive a meaningful and valid outcome. This paper proposes a consensus reaching model for a group by using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). It supports people to improve their group consensus level through an updating of...

Thomas Saaty, Mujgan Sagir Ozdemir
Journal: Annals of Data Science
This paper briefly examines the question of how many judges are needed to obtain valid and consistent judgments when using the analytic hierarchy process. It turns out that if a judge is experienced and well versed in an area, he can be sufficient to provide the judgments instead of diluting his ...

Thomas Saaty
Journal: International Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy Process
It is known and has been mathematically proven that the principal eigenvector is necessary for deriving priorities from judgments in the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). According to the work of Oskar Perron, the principal eigenvector can be obtained as the limiting power of a positive matrix. I...

Thomas Saaty
Journal: Operations Research
This paper presents a summary of the discrete mathematical part of my work, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and its generalization to dependence and feedback, the Analytic Network Process (ANP), for measuring tangible and intangible factors, particularly as applied to decision making. The fa...

Andrew Blair, Gershon Mandelker, Thomas Saaty, Rozann Whitaker
Journal: Socio-Economic Planning Sciences
This paper describes a forecast, performed in December 2008, of the time of the recovery of the U.S. economy from the contraction that began in December 2007. As in two earlier papers, the forecast uses an expert judgment approach, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), within the framework of dec...

Thomas Saaty, Luis Vargas
We present an alternative process to address the Israeli Palestinian conflict. It does so in two ways that are different from past efforts. The first is by formally structuring the conflict and the second is the manner in which discussions are conducted and conclusions drawn.

Thomas Saaty, Nina Begicevic
Journal: International Journal of Economics and Business Research
Even in science, there is always the human element of using our own assumptions in logic, our feelings, our values and numerous criteria we must deal with. In addition, we often have to include the measurements of tangibles that always need agreed upon subjective judgement to interpret what exact...

Thomas Saaty
Journal: Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering
Several examples that serve to validate the AHP/ANP with matrices hierarchies and networks are given in this paper. They are then followed by a discussion of the real numbers and how they are generated without the need for an absolute zero, and how they define an absolute scale of measurement tha...

Thomas Saaty, H. J. Zoffer
Journal: Information Technology & Decision Making
In most long-lasting conflicts, each party's grievances increase while the concessions they are willing to make decline in number, quality, and perceived value. Both parties lose sight of what they are willing to settle for, generally exaggerate their own needs, and minimize the needs of the ...

Thomas Saaty, Jennifer Shang
Journal: European Journal of Operational Research
An innovative Analytic Hierarchy Process-based structure is developed to capture the relationship between various levels of activities contributed by people to society. Physical objects have widespread extension and degrees of importance that often differ by many orders of magnitude. Similarly, m...

Thomas Saaty
Journal: International Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy Process
Decision making depends on identifying a structure of criteria and alternatives of a decision. It also depends on experience and judgments to select the best alternative. In the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) for decision making the criteria and alternatives are prioritized by forming matrices ...

Thomas Saaty, Nina Begicevic
Journal: Applied Soft Computing
During and at the end of Olympic games, we are always given the number of gold, silver and bronze medals won by each country and often the total number won as an indicator of the surmised winner. The groups that report the medal count in this manner indicate that they believe all medals are the s...

Thomas Saaty, Liem Tran
Journal: International Journal of Strategic Decision Sciences
Using fuzzy set theory has become attractive to many people. However, the many references cited here and in other works, little thought is given to why numbers should be made fuzzy before plunging into the necessary simulations to crank out numbers without giving reason or proof that it works to ...

Thomas Saaty
Journal: Economic Horizons
This paper provides a summary of a mathematical theory about the use of expert judgments in paired comparisons and how to derive priorities from them particularly when intangible factors are involved. An example to validate the process when applied to tangibles is given along with a simple decisi...

Thomas Saaty, Mujgan Sagir Ozdemir
Journal: Mathematical and Computer Modelling
Rank preservation and reversal, so fundamental in decision making, have been an unresolved issue in the field of economics and utility theory and came into focus when the Analytic Hierarchy Process was developed because it uses paired comparisons that inevitably make the priorities of the alterna...

Thomas Saaty
Journal: International Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy Process
In decision making the priority scales are derived objectively after subjective judgments are made, and they reflect the importance of the influences we considered. The process is the opposite of what is done in the physical sciences where the subjectivity of interpreting the final number comes a...

Thomas Saaty
Journal: International Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy Process
Let me take this occasion to wish this journal and its contributors my very best. It is a joyful occasion to have our own journal for decision making with the AHP/ANP and my message to you follows.

Thomas Saaty, Mujgan Sagir Ozdemir
Journal: International Journal of Information Technology & Decision Making
Tangibles have measurements generally on ratio scales with arbitrary units that are always interpreted by using judgments as to what particular purpose the measurements serve. How two measurements on a ratio scale are related with respect to dominance leads to forming their ratio which is a dimen...

Thomas Saaty
Journal: International journal of services sciences
Decisions involve many intangibles that need to be traded off. To do that, they have to be measured along side tangibles whose measurements must also be evaluated as to, how well, they serve the objectives of the decision maker. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is a theory of measurement thro...

Thomas Saaty, Liem Tran
Journal: Mathematical and Computer Modelling
Fuzzy set theory has serious difficulties in producing valid answers in decision-making by fuzzifying judgments. No theorems are available about its workability when it is applied indiscriminately as a number crunching approach to numerical measurements that represent judgments. When judgments ar...

Thomas Saaty
Journal: Mathematical and Computer Modelling
Because good decisions depend on the conditions of the future, and because conditions vary over time, to make a good decision requires judgments of what is more likely or more preferred over different time periods. There are at least three ways to deal with dynamic decisions. One is to include in...

Thomas Saaty, Kirti Peniwati, Jennifer Shang
Journal: Mathematical and Computer Modelling
The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) provides a way to rank the alternatives of a problem by deriving priorities. A question that occurs in practice is: what is the best combination of alternatives that has the largest sum of priorities and satisfies given constraints? This leads one to consider ...

Thomas Saaty
Journal: International Symposium on QFD, ISQFD

Thomas Saaty, Jennifer Shang
Journal: Socio-Economic Planning Sciences
This paper puts forth a framework for reshaping the group decision-making process. The proposed framework extends from the usual one-issue-at-a-time decision-making to one that involves several related issues simultaneously. Weaknesses of the traditional majority voting mechanism are first identi...

Thomas Saaty
Journal: Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering
Fuzzy logic has difficulty producing valid answers in decision-making. Absent are theorems to prove that it works to produce results already known that are being estimated with judgments by transforming such judgments numerically. The numerical representation of judgments in the AHP is already fu...

Mujgan Sagir Ozdemir, Thomas Saaty
Journal: European journal of operational research
The unknown or “other” that affects our lives is what we usually very much want to know about to cope with uncertainty. We often suspect that it affects us with partial and indefinite evidence that it exists but we only have uncertain feelings about it. Even when we do not know what it is we woul...

Thomas Saaty, Luis Vargas
Journal: International Journal of Management and Decision Making
In this short paper it is shown that care is required to perform the appropriate normalisation needed to derive the right set of priorities from paired comparisons when criteria are added or deleted in a decision problem. This is particularly true for criteria with respect to which the alternativ...

Thomas Saaty, Luis Vargas
Journal: International Journal of Information Technology & Decision Making
This paper gives a brief overview of the well-known impossibility-possibility theorem in constructing a social welfare function from individual functions. The Analytic Hierarchy Process uses a fundamental scale of absolute numbers to represent judgments about dominance in paired comparisons. It i...

Thomas Saaty
Journal: Journal of systems science and systems engineering
This is the first part of an introduction to multicriteria decision making using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and its generalization, the Analytic Network Process (ANP). The discussion involves individual and group decisions both with the independence of the criteria from the alternatives...

Thomas Saaty
Journal: Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering
In contrast with conscious decision-making, there are numerous subconscious decisions that we make without thinking about them. Some are biological and are made by different parts of our body to keep it alive and functioning normally. Others are a result of repetition and training that we can the...

Thomas Saaty, Mujgan Sagir Ozdemir
Journal: Mathematical and computer modelling
In 1956, Miller conjectured that there is an upper limit on our capacity to process information on simultaneously interacting elements with reliable accuracy and with validity. This limit is seven plus or minus two elements. He noted that the number 7 occurs in many aspects of life, from the seve...

Thomas Saaty, Mujgan Sagir Ozdemir
In decision-making, there are often criteria that are opposite in direction to other criteria as in benefits (B) versus costs (C), and in opportunities (O) versus risks (R), and sometimes need to be distinguished by using negative numbers. In making paired comparisons of alternatives with respect...

Thomas Saaty, Luis Vargas, Klaus Dellmann
Journal: Socio-Economic Planning Sciences
An intangible is an attribute that has no scale of measurement. Intangibles such as effort and skill arise in conjunction with resource allocation but are not usually included directly in a mathematical model because of the absence of a unit of measurement. However, intangibles can be quantified ...

Thomas Saaty
Journal: Scientia Iranica
In this paper, an introduction is given to decision-making theory, the Analytic Hierarchy Process. In the AHP, a decision hierarchy is constructed with a goal, criteria and alternatives. The criteria are pairwise compared for their importance with respect to the goal to derive a scale of relative...

Andrew Blair, Gershon Mandelker, Thomas Saaty, Rozann Whitaker
Journal: Socio-Economic Planning Sciences
This paper describes a forecast of the date for the resumption of growth of the US economy in 2001. It uses an expert judgment approach within the framework of decision theory, the Analytic Hierarchy Process, as well as its generalization to dependence and feedback, the Analytic Network Process.

Thomas Saaty, Luis Vargas
Journal: Models, Methods, Concepts & Applications of the Analytic Hierarchy Process
In this paper, we used a decision making tool, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), to analyze a decision to select a trade status for China that is in the best interest of the United States before that decision came before Congress for a vote.

Thomas Saaty
Journal: Multiple Criteria Decision Making in the New Millennium
The seven pillars of the AHP, some highlights of which are discussed in the paper, are: 1) ratio scales derived from reciprocal paired comparisons; 2) paired comparisons and the psychophysical origin of the fundamental scale used to make the comparisons; 3) conditions for sensitivity of the eigen...

Thomas Saaty
Journal: Revista de la Real Academia de Ciencias Exactas Fisicas y Naturales
An assumption arising from the practice of science and engineering since the middle ages is that because nature is physical, we should be able to relate all measurement to physical dimensions. But that is not true. Human thinking and feeling exist in the physical world but they are not matter or ...

Ido Millet, Thomas Saaty
The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) has been criticized for allowing the introduction of new alternatives to cause rank reversals among existing alternatives. While in many cases this is a perfectly valid phenomenon there are also many cases where rank should be preserved. To address both contin...

Thomas Saaty, Luis Vargas
Journal: Operations Research
Judgments are needed in medical diagnosis to determine what tests to perform given certain symptoms. For many diseases, what information to gather on symptoms and what combination of symptoms lead to a given disease are not well known. Even when the number of symptoms is small, the required numbe...

Thomas Saaty
Journal: Journal of Multi‐Criteria Decision Analysis
There are two basic principles that are totally missed by Salo and Hamalaninen in their attempt to reformulate the AHP, which is based on ratio scales, to fit multiattribute value theory, which is based on interval scales.

Thomas Saaty, Kirti Peniwati
Journal: Proceedings of the Fourth International Symposium on the Analytic Hierarchy Process (ISAHP’96)
The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) provides a way to rank the alternatives of a problem by deriving priorities. A question that occurs in practice is: what is the best combination of alternatives that has the largest sum of priorities and satisfies given constraints? This leads one to consider ...

Thomas Saaty, D.S. Turner
Journal: Proceedings of the Fourth International Symposium on the Analytic Hierarchy Process (ISAHP’96)
This paper develops a refined benefiticost model using the supermatrix approach of the AHP to predict the outcome of the playoffs and the Super Bowl of the 1995-1996 season. Introduction In October 1995, we undertook the task of predicting (Sooty and Vargas, 1991)' the outcome of the 1996 Sup...

Thomas Saaty, Luis Vargas
Journal: Proceedings of the Fourth International Symposium on the Analytic Hierarchy Process (ISAHP’96)
We examine some examples where the use of cardinal preferences solves problems that occur when ordinal preferences are used exclusively. Ordinal preferences are the first step toward ranking alternatives but they are not the last. In general we are interested in deriving a consistent ranking of a...

Rozann Saaty
Journal: Proceedings of the Fourth International Symposium on the Analytic Hierarchy Process (ISAHP’96)
This paper is a brief summary of the successful workability of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (All!') free of problems and paradoxes. As a theory of ratio scale measurement, the AHP has found multiple and diverse applications in priority setting, decision making, planning , resource allocatio...

Thomas Saaty
Journal: Journal of Accounting Literature
Apostolou and Hassell in their overview of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and its applications to accounting included a section on some theoretical questions about the AHP that differ considerably from my own understanding as the creator of that theory. There are now more than 1,200 papers ...

Thomas Saaty
Journal: Journal of advanced transportation
Five examples of applications of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) are made to illustrate the different uses of this ratio scale multicriteria decision method in transportation. They include a commuter route selection hierarchy, a best mix of routes to Pittsburgh's new International Airport, a...

Thomas Saaty
Journal: Interfaces
People make three general types of judgments to express importance, preference, or likelihood and use them to choose the best among alternatives in the presence of environmental, social, political, and other influences. They base these judgments on knowledge in memory or from analyzing benefits, ...

Thomas Saaty
Journal: Proceedings of the 3rd International Symposium on the Analytic Hierarchy Process
From the early years of development of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) I examined a number of alternatives for hierarchic composition that produced ratio scales. Ratio scales were always in my thinking because of my strong interest in physics. There one multiplies different ratio scales befo...

Thomas Saaty
Journal: European Journal of operational research
This paper provides a detailed discussion with references on the fundamentals of the Analytic Hierarchy Process and in particular of relative measurement. The points discussed are grouped under the following categories: Structure in the AHP — Hierarchies and Networks, Scales of Measurement, Judgm...

Thomas Saaty
Journal: Journal of the Operational Research Society
Response to Holder's comments on the analytic hierarchy process

James Benne, Thomas Saaty
Journal: Mathematical and computer modelling
Benefit-cost analysis has traditionally required monetary measures of benefits and costs of candidate projects. This paper demonstrates that priorities of both tangible and intangible attributes can be used in a benefit-cost setting to address the long standing problem of allocating multiple reso...

Thomas Saaty
Journal: Journal of scientific & industrial research
A brief introduction to making decisions by the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is given. A simple illustration of how to decide on which of three people should get a heart transplant is provided. How to structure a decision problem and how to enter judgments semantically, transform them to pair...

Thomas Saaty
Journal: Journal of the Operational Research Society
It would have been fitting and proper were Holder, in his call for more validation of the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), to have validated his own vague suggestions for a better optics experiment with chairs; a power scale to fulfil his desire for non-linearity, and its credibility in applicat...

Thomas Saaty
Journal: Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium of The Analytic Hierarchy Process
A variety of authors have given real life examples that violate the utility theory axiom of independence from irrelevant alternatives. A theory that can only rank alternatives ione at a time such as Multiattribute Utility Theory has difficulty showing how introducing new alternatives that do not ...

Thomas Saaty
Journal: Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium of The Analytic Hierarchy Process
How does one structure a decision problem with dependencies derive priorities and make choices among interdependent alternatives?

Thomas Saaty, James France, Kathleen Riehle Valentine
Journal: Socio-economic planning sciences
Each year graduate business admissions committees must carefully evaluate prospective students. Committees must judge the performance of applicants with respect to a wide range of quantitative and qualitative criteria in order to select the best students. The overall process is complex and time c...

Thomas Saaty
Journal: European Journal of Operational Research
We show that there is a close mathematical relationship between physics and the Analytic Hierarchy Process. We argue that numerical scales used in physics must be interpreted in terms which the scientist understands through experience and through theories advocated by experts in the field. In phy...

Thomas Saaty
Journal: European journal of operational research
This paper serves as an introduction to the Analytic Hierarchy Process — A multicriteria decision making approach in which factors are arranged in a hierarchic structure. The principles and the philosophy of the theory are summarized giving general background information of the type of measuremen...

Thomas Saaty
Journal: Management science
An exposition of the AHP in reply to the paper " remarks on the analytic hierarchy process"

Thomas Saaty
Journal: International Journal of Conflict Management
The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is a theory of measurement. When applied in decision‐making, it assists one to describe the general decision operation by decomposing a complex problem into a multi‐level hierarchic structure of objectives, criteria, subcriteria and alternatives. The AHP provi...

Thomas Saaty
Journal: The analytic hierarchy process
This paper focuses on the application of the Analytic Hierarchy Process in a group setting. In particular, we present observations and suggestions that are intended to help in the planning and execution of a group decision-making effort in which AΗΡ plays a major role.

Thomas Saaty
Journal: Decision Sciences
The purpose of this note is to comment on the artificiality of using known scales of measurement (or conveniently improvised numbers) to make decisions. In particular, the pitfalls of trying to please the decision maker and of using normalization as a number crunching tool are discussed. Finally,...

Thomas Saaty
Journal: Preprints of International Symposium on the Analytic Hierarchy Process, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
This note deals with the idea that there are many ways of deriving composite priorities in the AHP that do not all lead to the same outcome. ' The current approach of distributing the weight of an element in a hierarchy in proportion to the priorities of the elements compared with respect to ...

Thomas Saaty, William Wedley
Journal: Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences/Revue Canadienne des Sciences de l'Administration
The free trade negotiations between Canada and the United States are a type of conflict where each side considers not only its own gains and losses but also Us perceptions of the gains and losses of the other side. The assessment involves intangibles and tradeoffs which can be structured and anal...

Thomas Saaty
Journal: IFAC Proceedings Volumes
In prolonged confrontations, known here as retributive, the parties not only exact their own demands but also want to incur a high cost on the opponent. Success in resolving a conflict is measured by the gain: each party's benefits and the costs to the opponent compared with the perceived gain fo...

Thomas Saaty, Luis Vargas
Journal: European Journal of Operational Research
The Analytic Hierarchy Process uses paired comparisons to derive a scale of relative importance for alternatives. We investigate the effect of uncertainty in judgment on the stability of the rank order of alternatives. The uncertainty experienced by decision makers in making comparisons is measur...

Andrew Blair, Robert Nachtmann, Josephine Olson, Thomas Saaty
Studies have indicated that forecasts by market experts can be more accurate than time series forecasts. This article describes a process for structuring an expert foreign exchange forecast using Saaty's Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). The specific example developed is a forecast of the yen/dol...

Thomas Saaty
Journal: Risk Analysis
Risk estimation involves priorities and probabilities which are themselves a form of priority of natural alternatives. This paper provides illustrations of how one can deal with risk and uncertainty using the Analytic Hierarchy Process, a new approach to measurement by ratio scales. The paper als...

Thomas Saaty
Journal: Mathematical Modelling
Hierarchic and network systems are discussed as basic frameworks of unstructured problems modeled by the Analytic Hierarchy Process. A hierarchy represents a linear chain of interactions, whereas a network allows for feedback in the form of cycles and loops. A theory is provided for the prioritie...

Thomas Saaty
Journal: Mathematical Modelling
The Analytic Hierarchy Process is used to show how forecasts can be made of the effects of monetarist, Keynesian and supply-side macroeconomic policies and to determine their impact on important variables such as unemployment, inflation and GNP growth.

Thomas Saaty
Journal: Socio-Economic Planning Sciences
It is shown here that one cannot simply take columns of numbers, normalize them and add to obtain results corresponding to operations in the AHP. This is what traditional expected value theory using a single scale would lead one to do. Care needs to be exercised. What one must do is to interpret ...

Thomas Saaty
Journal: Socio-Economic Planning Sciences
This paper explores the concept of optimization by solely using the AHP and compares outcomes with those obtained in traditional optimization theory without and with constraints. The difference is essentially in the absence of the traditional black box involving complex manipulations in algebra o...

Thomas Saaty
Journal: Socio-Economic Planning Sciences
In this paper it is shown that there are two types of measurement involved in the AHP, absolute and relative. The first requires a standard with which to compare elements, but mostly alternatives at the bottom of the hierarchy. The process leads to absolute preservation in the rank of the alterna...

Thomas Saaty, Masahiro Takizawa
Journal: European journal of operational research
Most decisions need to be free from assumptions of independence to be faithful to the complex problems in which they arise. This paper illustrates how to generate priorities for decisions involving general types of dependence of criteria on alternatives, criteria on criteria and alternatives on a...

Thomas Saaty
Journal: Management science
This paper contains an axiomatic treatment of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). The set of axioms corresponding to hierarchic structures are a special case of axioms for priority setting in systems with feedback which allow for a wide class of dependencies. The axioms highlight: (1) the recip...

Thomas Saaty
Journal: European Journal of Operational Research
To scale the membership function, a method is needed that can assess the importance of elements with respect to a property or criterion that is common among them. It is conceivable that membership should be determined in terms of several criteria tangible and intangible. The approach needed is a...

Thomas Saaty
Journal: Interfaces
The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is compared with game and metagame theories for analyzing conflicts. The AHP helps to structure the problem, generate and synthesize judgments, and carry out a benefit/cost analysis of various policies. The Falkland Islands crisis is examined using the judgmen...

Thomas Saaty, Molly Wong
Journal: Journal of Mathematical Sociology
In this study, cultural, economic as well as certain crucial demographic factors are considered as the determinants for projecting the average family size in rural India. We use the Analytic Hierarchy Process to analyze influences of the factors which enter implicitly in a rural couple's deci...

Thomas Saaty
Journal: IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management
There are three principles which one can recognize in problem solving. They are the principles of decomposition, comparative judgments, and synthesis of priorities. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) provides a comprehensive framework to cope with the intuitive, the rational, and the irrational...

Thomas Saaty
Journal: Research in Higher Education
This paper proposes a novel evaluation approach for the selection of candidates for promotion and/or tenure. The decision problem is conceptualized as a hierarchy of factors and a mathematical procedure known as the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is used for successively “weighting” or prioriti...

Thomas Saaty, H Gholamnezhad
Journal: Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design
A new approach is introduced for evaluating strategies for the safe disposal of high-level nuclear waste. Five strategies are considered, and by means of the effective method of ‘analytic hierarchy process’ these strategies are prioritized with respect to a set of tangible and intangible criteria...

James Emshoff, Thomas Saaty
Journal: European Journal of Operational Research
This paper considers the long range planning process from the point of view both of projecting forward likely or desired changes from the current position to define a possible future state, and of identifying desirable future states and working backwards from those to consider ways in which they ...

Thomas Saaty, Luis Vargas, Amos Barzilay
We use the analytic hierarchy process to analyze the role of subjective factors in decision making as illustrated in the Iran rescue operation. Essentially, we show that a decision maker and that decision maker's advisors may differ in their estimates on whether an action should or should not...

Vasudevan Ramanujam, Thomas Saaty
Journal: Technological Forecasting and Social Change
A novel and practical approach is proposed for the assessment and selection of imported technology by the less developed countries. Technological choice is conceptualized as a multiobjective, multicriterion problem wherein subjective judgments and political processes play key roles. A new plannin...

Luis Vargas, Thomas Saaty
Journal: Industrial Marketing Management
We show that there is no single best solution in the leasing versus company ownership problem for the fleet administration industry as a whole. Because of the different styles and traditions of firms and because of the emphasis on intangibles beyond economics, a unifying framework of reference in...

Yoram Wind, Thomas Saaty
Journal: Management science
Several marketing applications of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) are reviewed. The paper starts with a brief description of this process, which was developed by Thomas Saaty in 1971, including an eight-point outline of how to apply it. The thrust of the paper is a discussion of a number of ...

Thomas Saaty, Paul C. Rogers, Ricardo Pell
Journal: The journal of portfolio management
The method we will discuss addresses the huge task of ranking and choosing from among a large set of stocks in order to devide how much of our recources should be allocated to each of the stocks chosen.

Thomas Saaty, Luis Vargas
Journal: Behavioral science
In this paper we use the analytic hierarchy process to combine technical and behavioral characteristics of chess players and predict the outcome of a championship match. The method also applies to decision making in living systems at the level of the group. Our approach to prediction deals with t...

Thomas Saaty
Journal: Mathematics and computers in Simulation
The question often arises in regard to the use of Analytic Hierarchy Process: What would one do if the judgments where to change? A simple answer to that problem is that one should solve the new problem. But this is not what people usually have in mind. Presumably what they would like is a parame...

Thomas Saaty
Journal: Systems Methodology in Social Science Research
What is being frequently tested in society today is not our engineering skill or our ability to bring technology to bear on life’s problems, but our sense of priorities and our capacity to make trade-offs between various factors that have an impact on life. The trade-offs cannot all be measured i...

Thomas Saaty, J. P. Bennett
Journal: Behavioral Science
A theory of hierarchies is applied to structure complex decision problems about groups, organizations, societies or supranational systems in three steps. The problem is decomposed into a number of strata, each with several elements which may be people, variables, policies, and so on. We next anal...

Eren Erdener, Thomas Saaty
Journal: Design Methods and Theories
A new approach to performance measurement the Analytic Hierarchy Process

Thomas Saaty, Luis Vargas
Journal: Socio-Economic Planning Sciences
We give a summary and an example of a new, systems oriented, method for estimating the input-output coefficients of a given economy. Our approach is based on pairwise comparisons among the sectors of the economy ranking them according to their priority on a ratio scale. What we obtain corresponds...

Thomas Saaty
Journal: Mathematics and computers in simulation
Quantitative modeling of unstructured decision problems with social implications is new and challenging and has pressing needs. A new approach to scaling using largest eigenvalues and reciprocal matrices and the effect of inconsistent judgment are introduced and relevant theory discussed. In this...

Min-Suk Yoon
Journal: Korean Corporation Management Review
This study deals with addition of indifferent or wash criteria on which the alternatives have equal performance in the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) against the misguided argument as shortcoming of the AHP. In such case, it is noted that careful attention and a correct approach are required in...

Min-Suk Yoon , Eizo Kinoshita
Journal: International Journal of Management Science
This paper studies six different AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) approaches and suggests that the features of the approaches are classified by application circumstances in order to contribute to the applicability and quality usage of the AHP. Our study investigates the hierarchical principles an...

Deven Krishnan, Rafikul Islam, Suhaimi Mhd Sarif
Journal: International Jourr of Enegy Sector Management
The study intends to develop a hierarchical model through prioritisation of the core competencies with respect to competitive advantage, financial as well as strategic performance for an oil and gas company in Malaysia. The prioritisation results will help the company considered in the present re...

Asma Mohammed Bahurmoz
Journal: International Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy Process
Although there is no agreed upon universal definition of corporate social responsibility (CSR), organizations are often ranked in terms of their CSR performance. However, two glaring gaps have been identified in the CSR literature. First, evaluation methodologies are questionable and often lack a...

Asma Mohammed Bahurmoz, Syeda-Masooda Mukhtar, Laila M. Al-Sharqi
Journal: Journal for Global Business Advancement
While merits of normative judgements may be questionable when objectivity is the desired criterion in management decisions, which tend to be inherently unstructured such as personnel selection, evidence suggests that the perspective of traditional personnel selection methods remains relatively re...

Asma Mohammed Bahurmoz
Journal: The International Symposium of the Analytic Hierarchy Process 2014
The Gulf Cooperation Council Countries are challenged by unprecedented labor problems. These countries suffer from unemployment problems in spite of the fact that they offer jobs for millions of immigrants. Non indigenous fill 95% of the private sector jobs in these countries. Saudi Arabia as the...

Asma Mohammed Bahurmoz
Journal: International Symposium of Analytic Hierarchy Process 2001
I designed and implemented a multicriteria group decision-making model based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process to select the best candidates to send overseas for graduate studies, eventually becoming teachers at the newly created Dar Al-Hekma women’s college in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The paper hig...

Asma Mohammed Bahurmoz
Although there is no agreed upon universal definition of corporate social responsibility (CSR), organizations are often ranked in terms of their CSR performance. However, two glaring gaps have been identified in the CSR literature. First, evaluation methodologies are questionable and often lack a...

Kirti Peniwati, David Hauser
Journal: The 3rd International Symposium on the Analytic Hierarchy Process
Some authors have proposed that the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) axiom of independence be relaxed to accommodate observations drawn from: a) examples of pairwise comparisons of alternatives in clusters in single criterion AHP problems, and b) examples of problems in which the criteria have th...

Kirti Peniwati
Journal: The 3rd International Symposium on the Analytic Hierarchy Process
The grouping of elements, called clustering, is a fundamental operation in the Analytic Hierarchy Process. What elements are chosen and how they are clustered and located in a hierarchy have a profound effect on the outcome and the conclusions derived from the outcome. A valid AHP hierarchy must ...

David Hauser, Kirti Peniwati
Journal: Multi-criteria decision analysis
Some authors have proposed that the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) axiom of independence be relaxed to accommodate observations drawn from (a) examples of pairwise comparisons of alternatives in clusters in single-criterion AHP problems and (b) examples of problems in which the criteria have th...

Mubariq Achmad, Kirti Peniwati
Journal: Proceedings of the fifth International Symposium on The Analytic Hierarchy Process
Sustainable forest management (SFM) certification is a process to determine whether a forest management unit or company has been operating and performing at the acceptable degree of sustainability. The Indonesian Eco-labeling Institute (LEI) has been establishing a certification system using the ...

Kirti Peniwati, Nani Koespriani
Journal: Proceedings of the fifth International Symposium on The Analytic Hierarchy Process
The most source of failure in implementing business strategy of company is because of the inability to translate business strategy to strategic actions. Translating strategic objectives into strategic actions is very important since it will determine the strategy implementation success. Balance S...

Kirti Peniwati
Journal: Proceedings of the fifth International Symposium on The Analytic Hierarchy Process
The process of aggregating individual judgments in a population at large and in a synergistic group (team) is fundamentally different. Arrow's Impossibility Theorem shows that it is generally impossible to derive a rational group choice from individual ordinal preferences with more than two a...

Kumala I. Suryo, Kirti Peniwati
Journal: Proceedings of the fifth International Symposium on The Analytic Hierarchy Process
A qualified staff must acquire a set of skill, of which both the individual staff and the organization is responsible for its development. The AMP methodology is used to identify the required skill, and their relative priority, for faculty members of PPM Institute of Management. The model is used...

Sibs von Solms, Kirti Peniwati
Journal: The 6th International Symposium on the Analytic Hierarchy Process
his paper builds on the theoretical discussion presented in an earlier paper (this issue) on the importance of and several problems related to participative group decision-making. A variation of how the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) can be applied to address the problems and aid participative ...

Yani H. Soegito, Kirti Peniwati
Journal: The 6th International Symposium on the Analytic Hierarchy Process
Education sector in Indonesia has been facing great challenge, indicated by the country's very low position in the ranking of workforce competitiveness among nations in the world. The Department of Education has established the National Accreditation Body (abbreviated as BAN) as one of the wa...

Hary Kintarso, Kirti Peniwati
Journal: The 6th International Symposium on the Analytic Hierarchy Process
Literature in strategic management offers methodologies for conducting quantitative analysis for product viability, competition, as well as strategy formulation and selection. Most of the proposed methodologies use ordinal type of scale for measuring relative priority, which is scientifically una...

Sibs von Solms, Kirti Peniwati
Journal: The 6th International Symposium on the Analytic Hierarchy Process
This paper presents theoretical arguments for the importance of participative decision- making, lists several problems related to group decision-making and presents and discusses how the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) can address these problems. Particular attention is focussed on how the ind...

Kirti Peniwati, Werner Brenner
Journal: European Journal of Operational Research
Fresh water is abundant in Indonesia, but only about 20% out of more than 200 million of its population have access to clean water supplied by 306 Regional Drinking Water Companies (PDAMs) around the country. The poor performance of most PDAMs is due to high level of debt, lack of investment, and...

Kirti Peniwati
Journal: International Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy Process
The business world is currently operating in an increasingly challenging environment characterized as volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous (VUCA). If anything, the current COVID-19 crisis is a demonstration of this. What began as a health crisis has become a social and business crisis of l...

Claudio Garuti, Valerio Salomon, Isabel Spencer
Journal: Computacion y Sistemas
Arguments have been provided against the use of the eigenvector as the operator that derives priorities. A highlight of the arguments is that the eigenvector solution does not always respect the condition of ordinal preference (COP) based on the decision maker's judgments. While this conditio...

Claudio Garuti, Valerio Salomon
Journal: International Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy Process
In the Analytic Hierarchy Process priorities are derived from judgments. Different priority vectors, however, can be obtained in the solution of a problem. The main objective of this article is to present two different compatibility indices between priority vectors that have been suggested. A com...

Claudio Garuti, Carmen Paz Castro, Juan Pablo Sarmiento
Journal: International Journal of Business and Systems Research
This work aims to create a risk disaster management index to measure how government institutions are dealing with disasters beyond legal and normative regulations advancing toward enforcement and implementation. With the complexity of the disaster risk management concept and its scope in mind, th...

Claudio Garuti
Journal: International Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy Process
This paper has two main objectives. The first objective is to provide a mathematically grounded technique to construct local and global thresholds using the well-known rate of change method. The next objective, which is secondary, is to show the relevance and possibilities of applying the AHP/ANP...

Claudio Garuti, Mario Sandoval
Journal: International Journal of Medical Engineering and Informatics
This paper is based on the development of a web-based tool, in support of medical decision making called medical sapiens (MS), oriented to improve diagnostic accuracy and diminishing the uncertainty of the initial diagnosis. It has been developed for four years working with several senior physici...

Claudio Garuti
Journal: Applications and Theory of Analytic Hierarchy Process - Decision Making for Strategic Decisions
This is a chapter in the book: Applications and Theory of Analytic Hierarchy Process - Decision Making for Strategic Decisions. This chapter addresses the problem of measuring closeness in weighted environments (decision-making environments). This chapter show the importance of having a trustwort...

Claudio Garuti
Journal: International Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy Process
The aim of this essay is show some interesting analogies between space geometry and decision making space, as well as, a possible unit of measure of distance for priority vectors coming from (for instance) an AHP/ANP structure, applying the compatibility index G as a new way of measure distance i...

Claudio Garuti
Journal: International Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy Process
This essay will discuss the different kinds of scales that are frequently used, and what can and cannot be done with them. We will also explore what absolute numbers are and how to work with them to deal with quantitative and qualitative data. From my point of view, this is the starting point for...

Claudio Garuti, Mario Sandoval
Journal: Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering
The objective of this paper is to show that the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is a very powerful methodology for designing shiftwork schedules. Manufacturing, mining and other large industrial operations often run around the clock and their employees report for work in shifts. The huge number ...

Kazi Md. Tarique, Rafikul Islam, Mustafa Omar Mohamed, Dzuljastri Abdul Razak, Hamdino bin Hamdan
Journal: International Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy Process
The current study aims to develop a Maqasid al-Shari’ah (objective of Islamic Law) based a new performance evaluation index for Islamic banks. In order to achieve the objective, the current study conducted twelve semi-structured interviews of academics and practitioners who specialize in Islamic ...

Azilah Anis, Rafikul Islam
Journal: Quality Assurance in Education
The purpose of this paper is to develop a hierarchical model to rank the challenges faced by the private Malaysian higher education institutions (HEIs) in the provision of quality education and subsequently their corresponding critical success factors (CSFs) to address those challenges.

Mahbubar Rahman, Rafikul Islam, Wan Rohaida Wan Husain, Khaliq Ahmad
Journal: International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management
The study aims to develop a hierarchical model based on the Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award to enable the ranking of quality dimensions required for achieving business excellence in the hotel industry of Bangladesh.

Rafikul Islam, Norimah Md. Dali, Alias Abdullah
Journal: International journal of the Analytic Hierarchy Process
Opinions were sought from a panel of two groups of Malaysian experts, i.e., the urban planners and the Maqasid al-Shariah scholars with the aim of developing an evaluation model via identifying and ranking the Maqasid indicators and sub-indicators for liveability and quality of life in cities. Th...

Rafikul Islam, Fatima El Madkouri
Journal: Journal of Islamic Marketing
This paper aims to measure the level of importance and satisfaction on a number of items in the day-to-day running of the halal parks in Malaysia and to rank a selected halal parks on the basis of a number of performance criteria.

Rafikul Islam, Selim Ahmed, Kazi Md. Tarique
Journal: International Journal of Medical Engineering and Informatics
Due to the unique nature among the service industries, the overriding objective of the healthcare sector is to provide error free, impeccable services to their patients and clientele. It is not an option rather a norm for the healthcare sector to uphold and maintain the level of service that is q...

Azilah Anis, Rafikul Islam
Journal: J. for International Business and Entrepreneurship Development
Currently, there has been increasing interest in the application of the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) in the educational sector. However, little effort has been made in reviewing its applications particularly in higher-learning institutions (HLIs). Thus, this paper attempts to systematically r...

Rafikul Islam, Azilah Anis, Anisah Abdullah
The issue of quality education in higher learning institutions is timely and crucial due to the Malaysian government's aspiration to turn the country into a centre of educational excellence in the Asian region. Quality education acts as an indicator of the institution's ability to provi...

Slamet Riyadi, Lokman Effendi, Rafikul Islam
Journal: Malaysian Management Review
The selection of a suitable technical service provider in the oil and gas industry can be a lengthy process. To expedite the procurement process, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method is proposed as a means of identifying the best technical service provider to develop a field development pl...

Rafikul Islam, Yusof Ismail
Journal: International Journal of Economics, Management and Accounting
The objectives of this research are to obtain the people's perception towards a number of issues pertaining to the realization of Malaysian Vision 2020, to rank the challenges of Vision 2020 and to collect suggestions to expedite the realization of the vision. Based on a nationwide survey,...

Rafikul Islam
Journal: Social-Economic Planning Sciences
By the year 2020, Malaysia aspires to become a fully developed nation. In order to realize this vision, formally termed ‘Vision 2020’, Malaysia must address nine strategic challenges identified by the government of former Prime Minister Tun Dr. Mahathir bin Mohamad. These challenges are: (1) Esta...

Rafikul Islam
Journal: International Transactions in Operational Research
In order to improve quality and productivity among American companies, the Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award (MBNQA) was launched by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) under the US Department of Commerce in 1987. Over the years, the award has proved to be effective in...

Rafikul Islam, S.M. Rasad
Journal: Asia Pacific Management Review
Employee performance evaluation is designed to assess each individual's contribution to the organization. The performance of individuals against organizational goals determines whether the organization meets its goals. The basic objectives of performance evaluations are two-fold: firstly to r...

Rafikul Islam, Nur Anisah Abdullah
Journal: J. for International Business and Entrepreneurship Development
The use of the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) for decision making is sometimes marred by the laborious effort of conducting a large number of pairwise comparisons, especially in the presence of a large number of criteria. The present empirical study attempts to investigate the possibility of el...

Rafikul Islam
Journal: International Journal of Economics, Management and Accounting
The affinity diagram, which is regarded as one of the seven new management tools, is used to gather a large amount of subjective data concerning an issue and subsequently classify them into several groups. The ideas (or factors) which are similar in nature or have affinity among themselves are pl...

S Das, Rafikul Islam, A. B. Chattopadhyay
Journal: Proceedings of Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture
A wide variety of on-line tool condition monitoring techniques have been developed to the present time. Timely decision making for cutting tool indexing needs a proper method for assessment of the state of the tool on-line. The present work demonstrates a very simple system based on cutting forc...

Rafikul Islam, M.P. Biswal, S.S. Alam
Journal: European Journal of Operational Research
The problem of derivation of the weights of alternatives from pairwise comparison matrices is long standing. In this paper, Lexicographic Goal Programming (LGP) has been used to find out weights from pairwise inconsistent interval judgment matrices. A number of properties and advantages of LGP as...

Valerio Salomon, Claudemir Leif Tramarico, Fernando Augusto Silva Marins
Journal: Applications and Theory of Analytic Hierarchy Process - Decision Making for Strategic Decisions
Resource allocation (RA) and supplier selection (SS) are two major decision problems regarding supply chain management (SCM). A supply chain manager may solve these problems by considering a single criterion, for instance, costs, customer satisfaction, or delivery time. Applying analytic hierarch...

Valerio Salomon
Journal: Supply Chain Management
This book intends to be a complimentary reference for graduate and undergraduate courses of Business and Engineering. Readers not familiar with Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) and supply chain management (SCM) may have a first glance, reading isolate chapters. Moreover, the sequential order...

Valerio Salomon
Journal: International Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy Process
The purpose of this essay is not to investigate why AHP has not been often applied with absolute measurement and ideal synthesis.

ANDREINA MOREIRA DA SILVA, EDILACY DA SILVA SAMPAIO, GISELY SOUZA CAMPOS MORAES , VALERIO SALOMON
Journal: Proceedings of the Brazilian Industrial Engineering Meeting​
Com o avanço da tecnologia e com a quantidade de informação que vem crescendo de forma significativa, as instituições de ensino tendem a ampliar seu quadro na área do conhecimento, ou seja, tem–se a necessidade de criar novos cursos para suprir o mercado de trabalho. Este trabalho tem como objeti...

Claudemir Leif Tramarico, Valerio Salomon, Fernando Augusto Silva Marins
Journal: Journal of Cleaner Production
Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM) is an important issue for organizations that spend considerable amounts of investments on personnel training annually. Although these investments present positive effects, the manner to assess the effectiveness of the training is unclear. Training, whose chara...

Robison Ohta, Valerio Salomon, Messias Borges Silva
Journal: International Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy Process
The selection of a maintenance strategy is a decision often made with uncertainty or subjectivity. This decision involves the prioritization of critical factors since there are several factors to be considered simultaneously. Decision-making generally depends on subjective assessments from expert...

D. Mizuno, Valerio Salomon
Journal: Proceedings of the International Symposium on the Analytic Hierarchy Process​, Hong Kong, China
Brazilian federal law imposes to state organizations the supplier selection on price. Private organizations also adopt this rule, mainly by costs optimization or simplicity. However, lower-cost inputs do not guarantee lower-cost outputs. That is, lower-cost supplies may imply in higher-cost produ...

Majid Azizi, A Memariani
Journal: OR Insight
The improper siting of plywood and veneer factories has given rise, in Iran, to unsatisfactory production. For future plants, it has been decided to analyze the problem on a more scientific basis. A hierarchy was constructed based on five major groups of criteria, and the weight of the indicators...

Majid Azizi
Journal: The Pakistan Journal of Forestry
The location of wood industry has not been selected by proper planning in Iran and for that reason the production rate is not satisfactory. Effective indicators in location of the Industry were identified and a hierarchy was constructed based on five major groups of criteria. The weights of the i...

Majid Azizi
Journal: Journal of the Institute of Wood Science
The improper sites of plywood and veneer factories have caused the unsatisfactory production. For future plants, it is decided to analyze the problem through scientific studies. Influential indicators for this matter were identified and an hierarchy was constructed based on five major groups of c...

Majid Azizi, Mohammad Modarres
Journal: OR Insight volume
The aim of this paper is to develop a strategic plan for selecting the best options for the supply of raw material to feed paper producing plants. The decision-making is examined within the framework of benefits, opportunities, costs, and risks (BOCR). A hierarchy is used to prioritize the BOCR, ...

Majid Azizi
Journal: Journal of Forestry Research
The objective of this research is to design a method for an appropriate alternative to supply poplar wood as raw material for wood and paper factories in Iran. Due to the destruction of the forests and lack of proper plantation, replacement of the forest wood by the fast growing wood is vital to ...

Majid Azizi
Journal: Journal of the institute of wood science
The choice of the best machines for furniture industries is very important due to the high investment in the industry. The aim of this research was to determine and prioritize three types of machine which can be used in the secondary wood industries. After obtaining the information in the field o...

Majid Azizi
Journal: The journal of the institute of wood science
Development trend of Iranian particleboard industry is not satisfactory. Effective indicators in non-development of the industry were divided into five major groups, i.e. by economic, raw material and product, social, technical and man power, rules and regulation plus 23 subsections. After obtain...

Majid Azizi, Mohammad Modarres
Journal: OR Insight
The objective of this research is to design an approach for selecting appropriate raw materials for facial tissues in Iran. There are three possibilities to maintain raw materials: (1) imported virgin pulp; (2) bagasse (sugar cane residue) plus some imported raw materials; and (3) recycled paper ...

Payam Ghorbannezhad, Majid Azizi, Shih-Chan Ting, Mohammd Layeghi, Omid Ramezani
Journal: International Journal of Sustainable Engineering
The pulp and paper industry is under increasing pressure to reduce its energy consumption and impact on the environment. The ‘Cleaner Production’ (CP) approach has been widely utilised as a tool to meet environmental concerns by industry. However, because of the high initial capital cost of CP im...

Majid Azizi, Alireza Dehghan, Nemat Mohebbi
Journal: Iranian Journal of Wood and Paper Industries
Identification and priority of the effective criteria in decision making of selecting most suitable location for establishing solar wood drying unitsin Iran was objective of this study. For this purpose, after preliminary investigation and interviews, 42 effective criteria and sub-criteria were i...

Majid Azizi, Mohammad Modarres
Journal: Journal of Forestry Research
A study was conducted to select the best alternative for the development of construction panels as well as investment in its manufacturing in Iran. Three alternatives are considered, cement-bonded wood composite product, substituted products (such as concrete panel) sandwich panel and a mixture o...

Majid Azizi
Journal: International Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy Process
Identification of preferable wood panels according to market share, competition and quality is necessary until the investors and manufacturers help to develop the industry and preserve the market share. The quality and quantity of Iranian wood panels is growing successfully. The preservation of m...

Majid Azizi, Mostafa Ramezanzadeh
Journal: Iranian Journal of Wood and Paper Industries
This research presents an optimum framework for hardboard industry location selection in Mazandaran Province. Considering the existence of only two depreciated hardboard plants with very old technology in Iran, the establishment of new plants are vital. To materialize this goal, Mazandaran provin...

A. Bayatkashkoli, A. Rafighi, Majid Azizi, M. Shamsian
Journal: JOURNAL OF WOOD AND FOREST SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Lignocellulosic resources of Khoozestan province are usable for wood and paper industry. The main questions are that, which places have the best conditions are select for development of wood and paper industries? Since, the methodologies of research were analytical and estimated. The research que...

Majid Azizi, N. Mohebbi, R. Mohebbi, M. Ziaie
Journal: JOURNAL OF WOOD AND FOREST SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Suitable site-selection of industrial units creates proper conditions for optimum use of material and reduction of waste, and on the other hand, leads to more sell and hence high profit. The objective of this study is to determine the effective criteria in decision making of selecting the most su...

Majid Azizi, R. Dehghan, A. Eftekhari, M. Faezipour
Journal: Journal of forest and wood products
With regard to the importance of the conduction of limit resources to the superior industries, study on the country's priorities in the industrial areas and products is essential. Considering the fact that Qom province has special conditions, this provincecan be consideredas a wood centerin t...

Majid Azizi, Mostafa Ramezanzadeh
Journal: Economics, Management and Sustainability
This paper presents a framework for locating agricultural-residuals particleboard industry in the northern provinces of Iran. Particleboard industry is the only Iranian wood and paper industry with an export potential and the use of agricultural residuals as the raw material can help with increas...

Majid Azizi, Mansooreh Azizpour
Journal: International Journal of Production Research
The privatisation of the Iran newsprint industry has caused an increase in production and decrease in importation. Recognition of effective criteria in newsprint privatisation will accelerate privatisation of the industry. The goal of the research is expediting privatisation in the Iran newsprint...

Majid Azizi, Elaheh Momeni, Nemat Mohebbi
Journal: Journal of the Indian Academy of Wood Science
Medium density fiberboard (MDF) product is one of the newest types of compressed wood panels that their consumption has had a lot of growth in recent years. MDF productions of every production unit are different from each other according to a number of physical and mechanical indices. In this art...

Mohammad Vali, Ali Rafighi, Majid Azizi , Nemat Mohebbi
Journal: International Journal of Sustainable Engineering
Today, the issue of site selection for industrial units in developing countries which are poor in wood resources is considered as a vital matter and it is one of the key measures in the process of building industrial and giving service units. In every country there are some provinces and states w...

Payam Ghorbannezhad, Majid Azizi, Charles Ray, Changkyoo Yoo, Omid Ramazani
Journal: Environment Protection Engineering
Multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) was used to make comparative analysis of projects or heterogeneous measures for prioritization criteria and subcriteria simultaneously in a complex situation. The aim of this paper is to determine the alternatives and the sensitivity of main factors affecting...

Vahid Nabavi, Majid Azizi, Nemat Allah Mohebbi
Journal: iBusiness
In cycle of attraction and keeping the customers, fulfilling the customer satisfaction via identifying of their needs is very important. So, identifying the amount of customer satisfaction and informed of the field of strength and weakness in this regard, helps manager programming in line with cu...

Fatemeh Sarfi, Majid Azizi, Amin Arian
Journal: Forest Science and Practice
Of considerable importance and a principal goal in business is the creation of customer satisfaction. Evaluation of end user preferences for producers of particleboard and medium density fiberboard (MDF) requires indices for the assessment of markets and modification of product quality. However, ...

Abdollah barimani, Ali Ghasemian, Majid Azizi, Nemat Mohebbi, Majid Zabih Zadeh
Location selection for factory competitiveness in the market place plays an important role and should be chosen so that will leads achievement of the strategic advantages compared with other competitors. The objective of this study was determination of the effective criteria for decision making t...

Majid Azizi, Fatemeh Sarfi, Mehdi Faezipour, Amin Arian
Journal: International Journal of Multicriteria Decision Making
In order to compare composite wood in Iran, a hierarchy was designed to prioritise benefits, opportunities, costs and risks using analytic hierarchy process rating approach. BOCR structure was determined by providing questionnaires and collecting data from knowledgeable persons who were consumers...

Majid Azizi, Nemat Mohebbi, Rahim Mohebbi Gargari, Mohsen Ziaie
Journal: International Journal of Multicriteria Decision Making
Selecting the best place for a factory among some proposed locations based on various indices is a decision-making multi-criteria issue. This issue is one of the most critical steps in establishing the factory since the results of this decision will have economically, socially, environmentally an...

H. Alizadeh, M. Faezipour, Majid Azizi, M. Ziaie
Journal: Journal of forest and wood products
Foreign trade has a significant role in economic development that some of experts know it as anengine or fuel for economic growth and other know it as growth car oil and some consider it asinternational inequalities exacerbated factors. In the classical theory of international trade, exportcharac...

Majid Azizi, Alireza Dehghan, Nemat Mohebbi
Journal: Iranian Journal of Wood and Paper Industries
Identification and priority of the effective criteria in decision making of selecting most suitable location for establishing solar wood drying unitsin Iran was objective of this study. For this purpose, after preliminary investigation and interviews, 42 effective criteria and sub-criteria were i...

Vahid Nabavi, Majid Azizi, Mehdi Faezipour
Journal: International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management
The purpose of this paper is to discuss the effect of the ISO 9001 quality management system on customer satisfaction and show an application of an analytic hierarchy process (AHP)-based method for measuring the customer satisfaction index (CSI). This will be useful to anyone who wants to have an...

Majid Azizi, Charles Ray
Journal: Forest Policy and Economics
Due to the implementation of Iran's Northern Forest Protection Plan for wood resources, manufacturers of wood and paper have a major problem in raw material supply in Iran; hence, they have to search for other resources to supply and procure their required raw material. Although there are som...

Kamran Afsahi, Asadollah Akram, Reza Alimardani, Majid Azizi
Journal: International Journal of Agriculture and Crop Sciences
In order to advise system, the research results cannot be adequate. So for identifying the effective factors in system selecting, the experience of experts should be used. The present study examines the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) of system at plowing in all of the use...

M. Ghofrani, V. Farshchi, Majid Azizi
Journal: Iranian Journal of wood and paper science research
Nowadays, producers are successful in Of getting profit in more efforts to satisfy our customers in target markets And build customer loyalty to your brand. The aim of this study was to study and identify factors influencing loyalty Customer to the brand in the furniture industry using Group Deci...

Mohammad Ghofrani, Vajihe Farshchi, Majid Azizi
Journal: Journal of Lignocellulose
The present paper aims at assessment and prioritizing of branding factors affecting the furniture industry and offering appropriate solutions to branding in furniture industry. To this end, after basic studies and review of other researches, 23 patterns and sub-patterns under 5 basic criteria of ...

Mohammad Azadfallah, Majid Azizi
Journal: J. for International Business and Entrepreneurship Development
A review of the supplier selection literature shows that the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method is one of the most commonly applied methods in practice. However, a major drawback in applying AHP is that the required comparisons rises quadratically with the entities to be compared. In this pa...

Abdollah Barimani, A. Ghasemian, Majid Azizi, S. M. Zabizadeh
Journal: International Journal of Lignocellulosic Products
A suitable location plays an important role in the competitiveness of a plant in the market and should be selected such that it allows access to strategic advantages compared with other competitors. The aim of the current study was identification optimized location of fluting paper plant from ...

Nemat Allah Mohebbi, Majid Azizi, Mohsen Ziyai, Mohammad Mahdi Faezipour
Journal: Iranian Journal of Wood and Paper Industries
Nowadays, many of developing countries are looking for outsourcing opportunities of developed countries, because this will bring them many benefits. In this regard, the goal of this study is determining and prioritizing of the effective criteria on attainment of outsourcing benefits of the develo...

Majid Azizi, Nemat Mohebbi, Fabio De Felice
Journal: Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia
Furniture manufacturing industry seems to be significant not only from economical and social standpoints but also from perspective of environmentally compatible industries. Accordingly, moving toward sustainable development in this sector of Iran's industry is regarded as a national necessity...

Majid Azizi, Kazem Mohammadzadeh
Journal: Socio-Economic Problems and the State
The current research presents the best solution for socio-economic problem regarding poplar plantation in Eastern and Western Azerbaijan, Iran. Planting fast growing species such as poplar is highly profitable in wood farming in Eastern and Western Azerbaijan, hence identification of socio-econom...

N. Mohebbi, Majid Azizi, M. Ziaie, O. Hosseinzadeh
Journal: J. of wood & forest science and technology
Background and objectives: Development of non-oil exports is one of the pillars of strengthening the country's economic growth. Today furniture industry has a significant share in global trade, so the sustainable development and growth of this industry can have a significant impact on employm...

Majid Azizi, Seyed Alireza Dehghan, Mohsen Ziaie, Nematollah Mohebi
Journal: Economics, Management and Sustainability
The purpose of this research is to identify the influential factors on customer satisfaction in the Iranian furniture market in order to get acquainted with the fundamental items for planning future sales programs with the purposes of extolling competitive advantages. A commixture of 6 items an...

Majid Azizi
Journal: Economics, Management and Sustainability
The location of solar wood drying has not been selected in Iran yet. One of important applications of solar energy is to manufacture solar wood drying units. Effective indicators in location of solar wood drying were identified and a hierarchy was constructed based on five major groups of criteri...

Majid Azizi, Fatemeh Rahimi, Mohammad Amin Jonoobi, Mosen Ziaie
Journal: Economics, Management and Sustainability
Both Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and benefits, opportunities, costs and risks (BOCR) techniques were used successfully to evaluate the effective criteria on site selection for energy production unit development from cellulosic biomass in Iran. The results showed that the benefits criteria ...

Majid Azizi, Nemat Mohebbi, Mohammad Azadfallah
Journal: Economics, Management and Sustainability
Fluting paper industry seems to be significant from environmental view point. Accordingly, study on sustainable development criteria in this sector of Iran’s industry is regarded as a national necessity. The intent of the current study is to determine and prioritize the indices affecting sustaina...

Majid Azizi, Yaghoob Asadizadeh, Charles Ray, Yahya Hamzeh
Journal: International Journal of Sustainable Engineering
The objective of this research is to design an approach for selecting appropriate solutions to efficiently and productively reduce environmental pollution and water, energy and raw material consumption in a recycled paper manufacturing facility, the paper mill in Latif, Iran. To reach this goal, ...

S. B. Hosseini, Majid Azizi, Mehdi Kalagar, Mehdi Moradipour
Journal: Iranian Journal of Wood and Paper Industries
27 percentage of Gilan province (North of Iran) with approximately 150 thousand hectares is under cover of Shafaroud Forest Company which is utilized in form of 73 forestry plans. Regarding to ecological futures of the region, promising species and the Shafaroud's potential, three species con...

Majid Azizi
Journal: Economics, Management and Sustainability
The present paper aims at assessment and prioritizing of reputation factors affecting the administrative furniture. To this end, after basic studies and review of other researches, 45 sub-criteria under 6 basic criteria of management, customer, services, social-cultural, technical and marketing- ...

Rahim Mohebbi Gargari, Majid Azizi, Charles Ray, Asghar Tarmian, zam Dokht Safi Samghabadi
Journal: International Journal of Business and Systems Research
This study attempted to determine a suitable combination of multiple-criteria selection techniques for the best location for wood drying kiln operations in Iran. Utilising field studies across the wood-drying industry, limitations of existing selection-method criteria were identified, and a hiera...

Fatemeh Hasani Khorshidi, Majid Azizi, Charles Ray, Mohammad Mahdi Faezipour, Hamid Zarea Hosseinabadi
Journal: International Journal of Sustainable Engineering
The production operation plays a crucial role in reducing environmental impacts in various stages of the life cycle of products, from extraction of materials to production, end use, reuse, and recycling. Therefore, the process of reducing these environmental impacts in relation to production cont...

Jaksic Milena, Mimovic Predrag, Todorovic Violeta
Journal: Industrija
The determination of the financial identifiers by the implementation of the horizontal and vertical analysis, for each year separately, and then their mutual comparison for certain periods of time as well, enables the perception of the general financial situation of banks during a certain peri...

Predrag Mimovic, Jelena Stankovic, Vesna Janković Milic
Journal: Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja
In situations where it is necessary to perform a large number of experiments in order to collect adequate statistical data which require expert analysis and assessment, there is a need to define a model that will include and coordinate statistical data and experts’ opinions. This article points o...

Ana Krstic, Predrag Mimovic
Journal: Economic Horizons
The measurement and evaluation of performance are critical for the efficient and effective functioning of the economic system, because this allows for the analysis of the extent to which the defined objectives are achieved. Organizational performance is measured by different methods, both quantit...

Predrag Mimovic, Milena Jaksic, Violeta Todorovic
Journal: Journal of Insurance and Financial Management
In the second half of the twentieth century, real and financial property sector underwent a number of changes caused by intense globalization, deregulation, and technical and technological revolution. These changes included, among other things, increased risk exposure, typical of activities in th...

Milena Jaksic, Predrag Mimovic, Miljan Lekovic
Journal: Yugoslav Journal of Operations Research
In this paper we evaluate the performance of nine mutual funds in the Republic of Serbia in the period 2011-2013 by integrating traditional approaches for measuring absolute efficiency and the selected multi-criteria decision-making methods for measuring relative efficiency. The aim of our resear...

Rejman Petrovic, Predrag Mimovic
Journal: International Journal for Quality research
Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to, based on the model developed to improve supplier performance and models for supplier evaluation and ranking in different types of supply chains, contribute to the expansion of existing conceptual frameworks for measuring supplier performance, indicating ...

Dragana Rejman Petrovic, Predrag Mimovic, Zora Arsovski
Journal: TEME
The purpose of this paper is the creation of a model for supply chain performance optimization and the development of a prototype of the decision support system. The study covered an efficient and agile supply chain type. The Analytic Hierarchy Process was used (AHP) for the evaluation and ran...

Ana Krstic, Predrag Mimovic, Dragana Rejman Petrovic
Journal: International Journal for Quality Research
The paper measures the efficiency of the national economy of Republic of Serbia, in the period 2007-2017 year, marked by the global financial crisis and natural disasters that caused catastrophic consequences. First, the DEA method was applied, and then expert assessments were integrated into the...

Claudemir Leif Tramarico, Birsen Karpak, Valerio Salomon, Camila Aparecida Maciel da Silveira, Fernando Augusto Silva Marins
Journal: Production
Paper aims This paper presents an analysis of professional education programs on Supply Chain Management (SCM). The purpose of this study is to analyze six professional education programs offered by the leading SCM associations, including Advanced Certified Professional Forecaster, Certified Prod...

Crystal M Volinchak, Erin M Whitehouse, Matthew R Yourstowsky, Robert G Woolley, Birsen Karpak
Journal: nternational Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy Process
In this study, the authors utilized the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) decision-making model to select the optimal market for international expansion for ABC Corporation located in Ohio[1]. The benefits of exporting to nine different countries: Germany, the United Kingdom, Canada, Mexico, Nethe...

Birsen Karpak
Journal: International Journal of the Analytic Hierarchy Process
This article discusses my reflections on Mathematical Principles of Decision Making by Thomas Saaty  (Saaty T. L., 2010). In this book, Saaty very clearly explains his Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) theory for measuring both tangible and intangible factors. Experts judgments are elicited about...

Mary Anne Atkinson, Ozden Bayazit , Birsen Karpak
Journal: International Journal of Information Systems and Supply Chain Management
Decisions related to managing IT resources - which resources to keep in-house and which resources to outsource - are critical to business success. The goal of this paper is to show the usefulness of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) as a decision-making tool for IT sourcing decisions, based on...

Ozden Bayazit, Birsen Karpak
Journal: International Journal of Logistics Systems and Management
As shippers worldwide are increasing their use of third party logistics (3PL) services, the need for carefully selecting 3PL service providers is becoming much more critical. Choosing the right 3PL service provider is often a dilemma faced by supply chain managers. Our purpose is to show how the ...

Ilyas Akhisar, Birsen Karpak
Journal: Multiple Criteria Decision Making for Sustainable Energy and Transportation Systems
Banking sector performance is important at the stage of economic growth. During the past two decades, many of developed and developing countries in the world experienced bank failures on a large scale. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is a multiple criteria decision-making methodology designe...

Ozden Bayazit, Birsen Karpak, Ayhan Yagci
Journal: Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering
Supplier selection is one of the most crucial activities performed by organizations because of its strategic importance. Supplier selection is a multi-objective problem involving both quantitative and qualitative criteria. Over the years a number of quantitative approaches have been tried. Althou...

Ozden Bayazit, Birsen Karpak
Journal: ISAHP 2005
Supplier selection is one of the most crucial activities performed by the organizations because of its strategic importance. A supplier selection problem is a multi- objective problem involving both quantitative and qualitative criteria. Over the years a number of quantitative approaches have bee...

Haluk Gercek, Birsen Karpak, Tulay Kilincaslan
Journal: Transportation
The deficiencies in the Istanbul transportation system have led the local authorities to plan several alternative transportation projects. In this paper three alternative rail transit network proposals are evaluated by using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), a multiple criteria decision support s...

Birsen Karpak, Ozden Bayazit
Journal: ISAHP 2001
This study examines whether Turkish Industry is ready to apply Total Quality Management (TQM) or not by using Analytic Network Process (ANP). Our database is based on a survey realized among the one hundred big size companies in Turkey. Those companies have been randomly selected for the study fr...

Tulay Krhngastanr, Birsen Karpak
Journal: ISAHP 1996
In this paper, itineraries in a transport system will be investigated to help city authorities to prioritize alternative routes to improve them. In Istanbul, most commuters have to select a combination of transport modes for crossing the Bosphorus' these will be termed 'ltineraries" i...